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Modulation of telomeres in alternative lengthening of telomeres type I like human cells by the expression of werner protein and telomerase.
[werner syndrome]
The
alternative
lengthening
of
telomeres
(
ALT
)
is
a
recombination-based
mechanism
of
telomere
maintenance
activated
in
5
-
20
%
of
human
cancers
.
In
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
,
survivors
that
arise
after
inactivation
of
telomerase
can
be
classified
as
type
I
or
type
II
ALT
.
In
type
I
,
telomeres
have
a
tandem
array
structure
,
with
each
subunit
consisting
of
a
subtelomeric
Y
'
element
and
short
telomere
sequence
.
Telomeres
in
type
II
have
only
long
telomere
repeats
and
require
Sgs
1
,
the
S
.
cerevisiae
RecQ
family
helicase
.
We
previously
described
the
first
human
ALT
cell
line
,
AG
11395
,
that
has
a
telomere
structure
similar
to
type
I
ALT
yeast
cells
.
This
cell
line
lacks
the
activity
of
the
Werner
syndrome
protein
,
a
human
RecQ
helicase
.
The
telomeres
in
this
cell
line
consist
of
tandem
repeats
containing
SV
40
DNA
,
including
the
origin
of
replication
,
and
telomere
sequence
.
We
investigated
the
role
of
the
SV
40
origin
of
replication
and
the
effects
of
Werner
protein
and
telomerase
on
telomere
structure
and
maintenance
in
AG
11395
cells
.
We
report
that
the
expression
of
Werner
protein
facilitates
the
transition
in
human
cells
of
ALT
type
I
like
telomeres
to
type
II
like
telomeres
in
some
aspects
.
These
findings
have
implications
for
the
diagnosis
and
treatment
of
cancer
.
