Quantitative estimation of Serum Fibrinogen Degradation Product levels in Oral Premalignant and Malignant lesions.

[oral submucous fibrosis]

A specific association between cancer and the hemostatic system has been recognized for decades . Fibrinogen degradation product (FDP ) is one of the factors , which opposes coagulation causing fibrinolysis . The mechanism of fibrinolysis can be used by the malignant cells to facilitate invasion into surrounding tissues and metastases to distant organs by breaking the fibrin barrier . The coagulation cascade also plays an important role in both the formation of tumour stroma and the promotion of hematogenous metastasis . The present study was undertaken to evaluate the serum FDP levels in individuals without any oral lesions and those with oral premalignant and malignant lesions , and determine whether the estimation of the same can be used as an aid in early diagnosis .25 cases each of Leukoplakia , Oral submucous fibrosis and Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC ) and normal control cases were selected . The OSCC cases were staged according to the TNM classification . Diagnosis of all cases was confirmed by histopathological examination . The aspirated serum was then subjected to the Thrombo-Wellco test which was used for the biochemical analysis of FDP .I ncreased serum FDP levels were seen corresponding to the stage of the OSCC , but no appreciable difference was noted between the histological grades or in cases of premalignant lesions .The study demonstrates that FDP levels correlate with the cancer stage and progression . Thus , the estimation of serum FDP levels can be used as a reliable prognostic indicator and as a biologic marker of tumour spread How to cite this article : Gharat L , Rathod GP . Quantitative estimation of Serum Fibrinogen Degradation Product levels in Oral Premalignant and Malignant lesions . J Int Oral Health 2013 ; 5 (5 ):65 -72 .