Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
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Evaluation and treatment of constipation in children and adolescents.
[hirschsprung disease]
Childhood
constipation
is
common
and
almost
always
functional
without
an
organic
etiology
.
Stool
retention
can
lead
to
fecal
incontinence
in
some
patients
.
Often
,
a
medical
history
and
physical
examination
are
sufficient
to
diagnose
functional
constipation
.
Further
evaluation
for
Hirschsprung
disease
,
a
spinal
cord
abnormality
,
or
a
metabolic
disorder
may
be
warranted
in
a
child
with
red
flags
,
such
as
onset
before
one
month
of
age
,
delayed
passage
of
meconium
after
birth
,
failure
to
thrive
,
explosive
stools
,
and
severe
abdominal
distension
.
Successful
therapy
requires
prevention
and
treatment
of
fecal
impaction
,
with
oral
laxatives
or
rectal
therapies
.
Polyethylene
glycol-based
solutions
have
become
the
mainstay
of
therapy
,
although
other
options
,
such
as
other
osmotic
or
stimulant
laxatives
,
are
available
.
An
increase
in
dietary
fiber
may
improve
the
likelihood
that
laxatives
can
be
discontinued
in
the
future
.
Education
is
equally
important
as
medical
therapy
and
should
include
counseling
families
to
recognize
withholding
behaviors
;
to
use
behavior
interventions
,
such
as
regular
toileting
and
reward
systems
;
and
to
expect
a
chronic
course
with
prolonged
therapy
,
frequent
relapses
,
and
a
need
for
close
follow-up
.
Referral
to
a
subspecialist
is
recommended
only
when
there
is
concern
for
organic
disease
or
when
the
constipation
persists
despite
adequate
therapy
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"constipation"
symptom
alexander disease
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
hirschsprung disease
hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
liposarcoma
megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
proteus syndrome
typhoid
von hippel-lindau disease
well-differentiated liposarcoma
This symptom has already been validated