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Antibiotics for sore throat.
[acute rheumatic fever]
Sore
throat
is
a
common
reason
for
people
to
present
for
medical
care
.
Although
it
remits
spontaneously
,
primary
care
doctors
commonly
prescribe
antibiotics
for
it
.
To
assess
the
benefits
of
antibiotics
for
sore
throat
for
patients
in
primary
care
settings
.
We
searched
CENTRAL
2013
,
Issue
6
,
MEDLINE
(
January
1966
to
July
week
1
,
2013
)
and
EMBASE
(
January
1990
to
July
2013
)
.
Randomised
controlled
trials
(
RCTs
)
or
quasi-
RCTs
of
antibiotics
versus
control
assessing
typical
sore
throat
symptoms
or
complications
.
Two
review
authors
independently
screened
studies
for
inclusion
and
extracted
data
.
We
resolved
differences
in
opinion
by
discussion
.
We
contacted
trial
authors
from
three
studies
for
additional
information
.
We
included
27
trials
with
12
,
835
cases
of
sore
throat
.
We
did
not
identify
any
new
trials
in
this
2013
update
.
1
.
Symptoms
Throat
soreness
and
fever
were
reduced
by
about
half
by
using
antibiotics
.
The
greatest
difference
was
seen
at
day
three
.
The
number
needed
to
treat
to
benefit
(
NNTB
)
to
prevent
one
sore
throat
at
day
three
was
less
than
six
;
at
week
one
it
was
21
.
2
.
Non-suppurative
complications
The
trend
was
antibiotics
protecting
against
acute
glomerulonephritis
but
there
were
too
few
cases
to
be
sure
.
Several
studies
found
antibiotics
reduced
acute
rheumatic
fever
by
more
than
two
-thirds
within
one
month
(
risk
ratio
(
RR
)
0
.
27
;
95
%
confidence
interval
(
CI
)
0
.
12
to
0
.
60
)
.
3
.
Suppurative
complications
Antibiotics
reduced
the
incidence
of
acute
otitis
media
within
14
days
(
RR
0
.
30
;
95
%
CI
0
.
15
to
0
.
58
)
;
acute
sinusitis
within
14
days
(
RR
0
.
48
;
95
%
CI
0
.
08
to
2
.
76
)
;
and
quinsy
within
two
months
(
RR
0
.
15
;
95
%
CI
0
.
05
to
0
.
47
)
compared
to
those
taking
placebo
.
4
.
Subgroup
analyses
of
symptom
reduction
Antibiotics
were
more
effective
against
symptoms
at
day
three
(
RR
0
.
58
;
95
%
CI
0
.
48
to
0
.
71
)
if
throat
swabs
were
positive
for
Streptococcus
,
compared
to
RR
0
.
78
;
95
%
CI
0
.
63
to
0
.
97
if
negative
.
Similarly
at
week
one
the
RR
was
0
.
29
(
95
%
CI
0
.
12
to
0
.
70
)
for
positive
and
0
.
73
(
95
%
CI
0
.
50
to
1
.
07
)
for
negative
Streptococcus
swabs
.
Antibiotics
confer
relative
benefits
in
the
treatment
of
sore
throat
.
However
,
the
absolute
benefits
are
modest
.
Protecting
sore
throat
sufferers
against
suppurative
and
non-suppurative
complications
in
high
-income
countries
requires
treating
many
with
antibiotics
for
one
to
benefit
.
This
NNTB
may
be
lower
in
low
-income
countries
.
Antibiotics
shorten
the
duration
of
symptoms
by
about
16
hours
overall
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"relative benefits in the treatment"
symptom
acute rheumatic fever
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