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Streptococcal superantigens: categorization and clinical associations.
[acute rheumatic fever]
Superantigens
are
key
virulence
factors
in
the
immunopathogenesis
of
invasive
disease
caused
by
group
A
streptococcus
.
These
protein
exotoxins
have
also
been
associated
with
severe
group
C
and
group
G
streptococcal
infections
.
A
number
of
novel
streptococcal
superantigens
have
recently
been
described
with
some
resulting
confusion
in
their
classification
.
In
addition
to
clarifying
the
nomenclature
of
streptococcal
superantigens
and
proposing
guidelines
for
their
categorization
,
this
review
summarizes
the
evidence
supporting
their
involvement
in
various
clinical
diseases
including
acute
rheumatic
fever
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"fever"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
child syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
dracunculiasis
erdheim-chester disease
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
locked-in syndrome
malignant atrophic papulosis
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
typhoid
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated