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Cyclin D1, retinoblastoma and p16 protein expression in carcinoma of the gallbladder.
[carcinoma of the gallbladder]
Cancer
of
the
gallbladder
is
a
relatively
rare
neoplasm
with
a
poor
prognosis
.
The
exact
mechanisms
of
its
genesis
are
not
known
and
very
little
information
is
available
on
molecular
events
leading
to
labeling
this
as
an
orphan
cancer
.
In
this
prospective
case
control
study
we
evaluated
the
expression
of
p
16
,
pRb
and
cyclin
D
1
by
immunohistochemistry
to
study
the
G
1
-
S
cell-cycle
check
point
and
its
possible
role
in
gallbladder
carcinogenesis
.
A
total
of
25
patients
with
gallbladder
carcinoma
(
group
I
)
,
25
with
cholelithiasis
(
group
II
)
and
10
normal
controls
.
were
enrolled
.
Cyclin
D
1
expression
was
seen
in
10
(
40
%
)
patients
each
with
carcinoma
and
cholelithiasis
while
only
in
2
(
20
%
)
of
the
normal
gallbladders
but
differences
were
not
statistically
significant
(
p
value
=
0
.
488
)
.
p
16
was
expressed
in
12
%
patients
of
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
and
28
%
of
cholelithiasis
,
however
this
difference
was
not
statistically
significant
(
p
value
=
0
.
095
)
.
Retinoblastoma
protein
was
found
to
be
expressed
in
50
%
of
normal
gallbladders
and
6
(
24
%
)
of
carcinoma
and
8
(
32
%
)
of
gallstones
.
The
present
study
failed
to
demonstrate
any
conclusive
role
of
cyclin
D
1
/
RB
/
p
16
pathway
in
carcinoma
of
the
gallbladder
.
The
positive
relation
observed
between
tumor
metastasis
and
cyclinD
1
expression
and
p
16
with
nodal
metastasis
suggested
that
higher
cyclin
D
1
/
p
16
expression
may
act
as
a
predictive
biomarker
for
aggressive
behavior
of
gallbladder
malignancies
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated
