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[Pigmentary lesions in patients with increased DNA damage due to defective DNA repair].
[werner syndrome]
The
occurrence
of
abnormally
pigmented
skin
lesions
is
a
common
phenomenon
and
often
associated
with
the
influence
of
ultraviolet
radiation
(
UV
)
and
other
sources
of
DNA
damage
.
Pigmentary
lesions
induced
by
UV
radiation
and
other
sources
of
DNA
damage
occur
in
healthy
individuals
,
but
human
diseases
with
defective
DNA
repair
represent
important
models
which
allow
the
investigation
of
possible
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
leading
to
hypo-
and
hyperpigmentations
.
There
are
several
hereditary
diseases
which
are
known
to
go
along
with
genetic
defects
of
DNA
repair
mechanisms
comprising
Xeroderma
pigmentosum
(
XP
)
,
Cockayne
syndrome
(
CS
)
,
Trichothiodystrophy
(
TTD
)
,
Werner
syndrome
(
WS
)
,
Bloom
syndrome
(
BS
)
,
Fanconi
anemia
(
FA
)
and
Ataxia
telangiectasia
(
AT
)
.
These
diseases
share
clinical
characteristics
including
poikilodermatic
skin
changes
such
as
hypo-and
hyperpigmentation
.
Since
UV
radiation
is
the
most
common
source
of
DNA
damage
which
can
cause
pigmentary
lesions
both
in
healthy
individuals
and
in
patients
with
genetic
deficiency
in
DNA
repair
,
in
the
present
article
,
we
focus
on
pigmentary
lesions
in
patients
with
XP
as
an
example
of
a
disease
associated
with
genetic
defects
in
DNA
repair
.
