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Discovering the meaning of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: current knowledge, future challenges.
[waldenström macroglobulinemia]
Monoclonal
gammopathy
of
undetermined
significance
(
MGUS
)
is
a
non
malignant
plasma
cell
disorder
with
a
relatively
low
risk
of
progression
to
Multiple
Myeloma
(
MM
)
and
to
related
Plasma
cells
disordes
(
lymphoplasmacellular
neoplasms
,
Waldenstrom
Macroglobulinemia
or
light
chain
amyloidosis
)
.
It
is
a
quite
common
finding
,
especially
in
the
population
above
the
age
of
50
and
it
can
also
present
in
association
with
many
non
malignant
conditions
.
Differential
diagnosis
of
symptomatic
and
asymptomatic
forms
is
the
determinant
for
starting
therapy
.
Over
the
last
few
years
many
advances
in
the
understanding
of
the
biology
of
MGUS
,
together
with
large
epidemiological
studies
,
allowed
to
define
risk
models
to
estimate
the
risk
of
progression
to
MM
according
to
MGUS
isotype
and
,
more
recently
,
to
peculiar
flow
cytometry
findings
.
The
goal
of
many
recent
studies
aims
at
evaluating
individual
patients
and
their
overall
risk
of
progression
,
the
detection
of
early
signs
of
progression
and
the
development
of
timely
treatment
strategies
.
