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Host hydrogen rather than that produced by the pathogen is important for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium virulence.
[typhoid]
Salmonella
enterica
serovar
Typhimurium
utilizes
molecular
hydrogen
as
a
substrate
in
various
respiratory
pathways
,
via
H
2
-
uptake
enzymes
termed
Hya
,
Hyb
,
and
Hyd
.
A
different
hydrogenase
,
the
hydrogen
evolving
Hyc
enzyme
removes
excess
reductant
during
fermentative
growth
.
Virulence
phenotypes
conferred
by
mutations
in
hyc
genes
,
either
alone
or
in
combination
with
mutations
in
the
H
2
-
uptake
enzyme
genes
are
addressed
.
Anaerobically
grown
single
ΔhycB
or
ΔhycC
deletion
strains
were
more
sensitive
to
acid
than
the
wild-
type
,
but
the
Δhyc
strains
were
like
the
virulent
parent
strain
for
both
mouse
morbidity
/
mortality
and
in
organ
burden
numbers
.
Even
fecal
recovery
numbers
for
both
mutant
strains
at
several
time
points
prior
to
the
animals
succumbing
to
salmonellosis
were
like
the
parent
.
Neither
hydrogen
uptake
nor
evolution
of
the
gas
was
detected
in
a
hydrogenase
quadruple
mutant
strain
containing
deletions
in
hya
,
hyb
,
hyd
and
hyc
genes
.
As
previously
described
,
a
strain
lacking
all
H
2
uptake
ability
was
severely
attenuated
in
its
virulence
characteristics
,
and
the
quadruple
mutant
strain
had
the
same
(
greatly-attenuated
)
phenotype
.
While
H
2
levels
were
greatly
reduced
in
ceca
of
mice
treated
with
antibiotics
,
both
ΔhycB
or
ΔhycC
strains
were
still
like
the
parent
in
ability
to
cause
typhoid
salmonellosis
.
It
seems
that
H
2
produced
by
the
pathogen
(
through
FHL
and
Hyc
)
is
insignificant
in
terms
of
providing
respiratory
reductant
to
facilitate
either
organ
colonization
or
contribute
to
gut
growth
leading
to
pathogenesis
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"mutations in the h2-uptake enzyme genes"
symptom
typhoid
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