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A random Abstract
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A validated cadaveric model of trochlear dysplasia.
[trochlear dysplasia]
Despite
the
high
prevalence
of
trochlear
dysplasia
among
patients
with
patellar
instability
,
it
is
not
well
studied
and
is
infrequently
addressed
surgically
.
The
lack
of
a
validated
cadaveric
model
of
trochlear
dysplasia
may
be
a
contributing
factor
.
The
goal
of
this
study
was
to
develop
a
simple
,
reproducible
,
and
realistic
cadaveric
model
of
trochlear
dysplasia
by
surgically
modifying
cadaveric
femora
with
normal
anatomy
and
then
to
validate
this
model
through
the
use
of
mechanical
and
fluoroscopic
measurements
.
The
floor
of
the
trochlear
groove
was
surgically
elevated
using
an
inflatable
bone
tamp
in
eight
cadaveric
femora
.
The
trochlear
depth
(
TD
)
was
measured
with
a
custom-designed
measuring
device
,
and
radiographic
markers
of
dysplasia
(
sulcus
angle
,
crossing
sign
,
and
prominence
)
were
assessed
before
and
after
surgical
modification
.
The
average
TD
was
3
.
6
±
1
.
4
,
4
.
6
±
1
.
1
,
and
5
.
1
±
1
.
0
mm
prior
to
reverse
trochleoplasty
(
RT
)
and
1
.
0
±
1
.
8
,
2
.
3
±
1
.
3
,
and
3
.
3
±
2
.
5
mm
following
RT
at
0
°
,
20
°
,
and
40
°
of
flexion
,
respectively
.
These
direct
measurements
of
TD
were
confirmed
with
fluoroscopy
.
The
sulcus
angle
averaged
141
°
prior
to
RT
and
157
°
after
RT
.
The
average
prominence
across
all
specimens
was
3
.
3
±
0
.
7
mm
before
RT
,
and
5
.
5
±
1
.
5
mm
after
RT
.
Finally
,
the
crossing
sign
was
found
to
be
absent
in
all
knees
prior
to
RT
and
present
in
7
of
the
8
after
RT
.
T
he
results
of
this
study
show
that
elevation
of
the
trochlear
floor
with
an
inflatable
bone
tamp
can
reproducibly
create
a
simulated
dysplastic
trochlea
.
This
model
may
be
useful
in
biomechanical
studies
of
treatments
for
patellofemoral
instability
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"it is not well studied and is infrequently addressed surgically"
symptom
trochlear dysplasia
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