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Activation of antitumor immune responses by Ganoderma formosanum polysaccharides in tumor-bearing mice.
[severe combined immunodeficiency]
Fungi
of
the
genus
Ganoderma
are
basidiomycetes
that
have
been
used
as
traditional
medicine
in
Asia
and
have
been
shown
to
exhibit
various
pharmacological
activities
.
We
recently
found
that
PS-
F
2
,
a
polysaccharide
fraction
purified
from
the
submerged
culture
broth
of
Ganoderma
formosanum
,
stimulates
the
maturation
of
dendritic
cells
and
primes
a
T
helper
1
(
Th
1
)
-
polarized
adaptive
immune
response
in
vivo
.
In
this
study
,
we
investigated
whether
the
immune
adjuvant
function
of
PS-
F
2
can
stimulate
antitumor
immune
responses
in
tumor
-bearing
mice
.
Continuous
intraperitoneal
or
oral
administration
of
PS-
F
2
effectively
suppressed
the
growth
of
colon
26
(
C
2
6
)
adenocarcinoma
,
B
16
melanoma
,
and
sarcoma
180
(
S
180
)
tumor
cells
in
mice
without
adverse
effects
on
the
animals
'
health
.
PS-
F
2
did
not
cause
direct
cytotoxicity
on
tumor
cells
,
and
it
lost
the
antitumor
effect
in
mice
with
severe
combined
immunodeficiency
(
SCID
)
.
CD
4
(
+
)
T
cells
,
CD
8
(
+
)
T
cells
,
and
serum
from
PS-
F
2
-
treated
tumor
-bearing
mice
all
exhibited
antitumor
activities
when
adoptively
transferred
to
naïve
animals
,
indicating
that
PS-
F
2
treatment
stimulates
tumor
-
specific
cellular
and
humoral
immune
responses
.
These
data
demonstrate
that
continuous
administration
of
G
.
formosanum
polysaccharide
PS-
F
2
can
activate
host
immune
responses
against
ongoing
tumor
growth
,
suggesting
that
PS-
F
2
can
potentially
be
developed
into
a
preventive
/
therapeutic
agent
for
cancer
immunotherapy
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"tumor cells in mice"
symptom
severe combined immunodeficiency
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