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Protective immunity of 56-kDa type-specific antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus.
[scrub typhus]
Scrub
typhus
,
caused
by
infection
with
Orientia
tsutsugamushi
,
is
a
mite-borne
zoonotic
disease
endemic
to
the
Asian-
Pacific
region
.
In
Korea
,
the
incidence
of
this
disease
has
increased
with
climate
changes
,
and
over
10
,
000
cases
of
infection
were
reported
in
2013
.
Although
this
infection
is
treatable
with
antibiotics
such
as
doxycycline
and
azithromycin
,
an
effective
prophylactic
vaccine
against
O
.
tsutsugamushi
would
be
more
desirable
for
preventing
scrub
typhus
in
endemic
areas
.
In
this
study
,
we
investigated
the
56
-
kDa
type
-
specific
antigen
(
TSA
56
)
,
which
is
a
major
outer
membrane
protein
of
O
.
tsutsugamushi
,
as
a
vaccine
candidate
.
Intranasal
immunization
of
recombinant
TSA
56
(
rec
56
)
induced
a
higher
level
of
TSA
56
-
specific
IgG
than
that
induced
by
intramuscular
immunization
of
tsa
56
-
expressing
DNA
(
p
56
)
.
Both
types
of
immunization
induced
a
cell-mediated
immune
response
to
TSA
56
,
as
demonstrated
by
the
splenic
cell
proliferation
assay
.
Mice
immunized
with
p
56
,
followed
by
rec
56
plus
heat-labile
enterotoxin
B
subunit
from
E
.
coli
,
had
a
stronger
protection
from
a
homologous
challenge
with
the
O
.
tsutsugamushi
Boryong
strain
than
with
other
combinations
.
Our
preliminary
results
suggest
that
an
effective
human
vaccine
for
scrub
typhus
can
include
either
recombinant
TSA
56
protein
or
tsa
56
-
expressing
DNA
,
and
provide
the
basis
for
further
studies
to
optimize
vaccine
performance
using
additional
antigens
or
different
adjuvants
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"effective human vaccine"
symptom
scrub typhus
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