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Human leptospirosis trends: northeast Thailand, 2001-2012.
[scrub typhus]
The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
determine
the
changing
trend
of
leptospirosis
over
time
in
Thailand
using
two
prospective
hospital-based
studies
conducted
amongst
adult
patients
with
acute
undifferentiated
fever
(
AUFI
)
admitted
to
Maharat
Nakhon
Ratchasima
Hospital
,
Nakhon
Ratchasima
Province
,
Thailand
between
July
2001
to
December
2002
and
between
July
2011
to
December
2012
.
During
the
first
period
,
leptospirosis
(
98
patients
,
40
%
)
and
scrub
typhus
(
59
patients
,
24
.
1
%
)
were
the
two
major
causes
of
AUFI
.
In
the
second
period
,
scrub
typhus
(
137
patients
,
28
.
3
%
)
was
found
to
be
more
common
than
leptospirosis
(
61
patients
,
12
.
7
%
)
.
Amongst
patients
with
leptospirosis
,
the
proportion
of
male
patients
and
the
median
age
were
similar
.
Leptospira
interrogans
serogroup
Autumnalis
was
the
major
infecting
serogroup
in
both
study
periods
.
The
case
fatality
rate
of
leptospirosis
was
significantly
higher
in
2011
-
2012
as
compared
with
the
case
fatality
rate
in
2001
-
2002
(
19
.
7
%
vs
.
6
.
3
%
,
p
<
0
.
001
)
.
In
summary
,
we
found
that
number
of
leptospirosis
cases
had
decreased
over
time
.
This
trend
is
similar
to
reportable
data
for
leptospirosis
complied
from
passive
surveillance
by
the
Ministry
of
Public
Health
,
Thailand
.
However
,
the
case
fatality
rate
of
severe
leptospirosis
has
increased
.
Severe
lung
hemorrhage
associated
with
leptospirosis
remained
the
major
cause
of
death
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"fever"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
alexander disease
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
child syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
dracunculiasis
erdheim-chester disease
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial mediterranean fever
focal myositis
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
locked-in syndrome
malignant atrophic papulosis
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
typhoid
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
This symptom has already been validated