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A random Abstract
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Diverse mechanisms of AKT pathway activation in human malignancy.
[proteus syndrome]
AKT
/
PKB
(
Protein
Kinase
B
)
are
central
proteins
mediating
signals
from
receptor
tyrosine
kinases
and
phosphatidylinositol
3
-
kinase
.
AKT
kinases
are
involved
in
a
number
of
important
cellular
processes
including
cell
proliferation
and
survival
,
cell
size
in
response
to
nutrient
availability
,
tumor
invasion
/
metastasis
,
and
angiogenesis
.
Various
components
of
the
AKT
signaling
pathway
are
encoded
by
tumor
suppressor
genes
and
oncogenes
whose
loss
or
activation
,
respectively
,
plays
an
important
role
in
tumorigenesis
.
The
growing
body
of
evidence
connecting
deregulated
AKT
signaling
with
sporadic
human
cancers
and
inherited
cancer
predisposition
syndromes
is
discussed
.
We
also
highlight
new
findings
regarding
the
involvement
of
activating
mutations
of
AKT
1
,
AKT
2
,
and
AKT
3
in
somatic
overgrowth
disorders
:
Proteus
syndrome
,
hypoglycemia
with
hypertrophy
,
and
hemimegalencephaly
,
respectively
.
In
addition
,
we
review
recent
literature
documenting
the
various
ways
the
AKT
signaling
pathway
is
activated
in
human
cancers
and
consequences
for
molecularly
targeted
therapies
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"tumor suppressor genes"
symptom
cowden syndrome
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
esophageal adenocarcinoma
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
oral submucous fibrosis
pleomorphic liposarcoma
proteus syndrome
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