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Dendritic cells: key players in human herpesvirus 8 infection and pathogenesis.
[primary effusion lymphoma]
Human
herpesvirus
8
(
HHV-
8
;
Kaposi
's
sarcoma
-associated
herpesvirus
)
is
an
oncogenic
gammaherpesvirus
that
primarily
infects
cells
of
the
immune
and
vascular
systems
.
HHV-
8
interacts
with
and
targets
professional
antigen
presenting
cells
and
influences
their
function
.
Infection
alters
the
maturation
,
antigen
presentation
,
and
immune
activation
capabilities
of
certain
dendritic
cells
(
DC
)
despite
non-robust
lytic
replication
in
these
cells
.
DC
sustains
a
low
level
of
antiviral
functionality
during
HHV-
8
infection
in
vitro
.
This
may
explain
the
ability
of
healthy
individuals
to
effectively
control
this
virus
without
disease
.
Following
an
immune
compromising
event
,
such
as
organ
transplantation
or
human
immunodeficiency
virus
type
1
infection
,
a
reduced
cellular
antiviral
response
against
HHV-
8
compounded
with
skewed
DC
cytokine
production
and
antigen
presentation
likely
contributes
to
the
development
of
HHV-
8
associated
diseases
,
i
.
e
.
,
Kaposi
's
sarcoma
and
certain
B
cell
lymphomas
.
In
this
review
we
focus
on
the
role
of
DC
in
the
establishment
of
HHV-
8
primary
and
latent
infection
,
the
functional
state
of
DC
during
HHV-
8
infection
,
and
the
current
understanding
of
the
factors
influencing
virus-
DC
interactions
in
the
context
of
HHV-
8
-
associated
disease
.
