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Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients with tobacco smoking, chewing, and mixed habits: A cross-sectional study in South India.
[oral submucous fibrosis]
A
variety
of
oral
mucosal
lesions
and
conditions
are
associated
with
the
habit
of
smoking
and
chewing
tobacco
,
and
many
of
these
carry
a
potential
risk
for
the
development
of
cancer
.
There
have
been
no
studies
that
report
the
prevalence
of
habits
and
associated
oral
changes
in
the
population
in
Dharwad
region
,
of
Karnataka
,
south
India
.
A
hospital-based
,
cross-sectional
study
was
carried
out
at
SDM
Dental
College
(
Dharwad
,
Karnataka
)
.
A
total
of
2400
subjects
(
1200
subjects
with
and
1200
subjects
without
habits
)
attending
the
dental
hospital
were
interviewed
and
examined
by
trained
professionals
to
assess
any
oral
mucosal
changes
.
Oral
mucosal
lesions
were
found
in
322
(
26
.
8
%
)
subjects
who
had
tobacco
smoking
and
chewing
habits
as
compared
to
34
(
2
.
8
%
)
subjects
without
those
habits
.
Oral
leukoplakia
(
8
.
2
%
)
and
oral
submucous
fibrosis
(
OSF
)
(
7
.
1
%
)
were
the
prevalent
oral
mucosal
lesions
found
in
subjects
who
had
those
habits
,
while
the
other
lesions
(
1
.
7
%
)
namely
;
oral
candidiasis
,
median
rhomboid
glossitis
,
recurrent
apthous
ulcer
,
frictional
keratosis
,
and
oral
lichen
planus
(
0
.
9
%
)
were
frequently
reported
among
individuals
without
those
habits
.
The
odds
of
developing
oral
lesions
in
subjects
with
tobacco
habits
was
nearly
11
.
92
times
that
of
abstainers
(
odds
ratio
,
OR
=
11
.
92
,
95
%
confidence
intervals
,
CI
=
10
.
61
-
14
.
59
%
)
.
The
study
showed
that
the
risk
of
the
development
of
oral
lesions
associated
with
tobacco
smoking
,
chewing
,
or
both
is
quite
high
.
Males
who
had
one
or
more
of
these
habits
showed
more
frequent
oral
changes
than
females
.
The
study
reinforces
the
association
of
OSF
with
gutkha
and
areca
nut
chewing
,
and
leukoplakia
,
erythroplakia
,
and
oral
cancer
with
tobacco
smoking
,
chewing
,
or
mixed
habits
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"oral lichen"
symptom
oral submucous fibrosis
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