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Prevalence and profile of ophthalmic disorders in oculocutaneous albinism: a field report from South-eastern Nigeria.
[oculocutaneous albinism]
To
assess
the
burden
and
spectrum
of
refractive
and
non-refractive
ophthalmic
disorders
in
south-
eastern
Nigerians
with
oculocutaneous
albinism
.
In
a
population-based
survey
in
Enugu
state
,
between
August
,
2011
and
January
,
2012
,
albinos
were
identified
using
the
database
of
the
Enugu
state
's
Albino
Foundation
,
and
mass
media-based
mobilisation
.
The
participants
were
enrolled
at
the
Eye
Clinics
of
the
University
of
Nigeria
Teaching
Hospital
and
Enugu
State
University
of
Science
and
Technology
Teaching
Hospital
using
a
defined
protocol
.
Relevant
socio-demographic
and
clinical
data
were
obtained
from
each
participant
.
Descriptive
and
comparative
statistics
were
performed
.
Statistical
significance
was
indicated
by
p
Â
<
Â
0
.
05
.
The
participants
(
n
Â
=
Â
153
;
males
,
70
)
were
aged
23
.
5
Â
+
Â
10
.
4
SD
years
(
range
6
-
60
Â
years
)
.
Both
refractive
and
non-refractive
disorders
were
present
in
all
participants
.
Non-refractive
disorders
comprised
nystagmus
,
foveal
hypoplasia
,
hypopigmented
fundi
and
prominent
choroidal
vessels
in
100
.
0
Â
%
participants
;
and
strabismus
in
16
.
3
Â
%
participants
.
Refractive
disorders
comprised
astigmatism
-
73
.
2
Â
%
eyes
,
myopia
-
23
.
9
Â
%
and
hypermetropia
2
.
9
Â
%
.
Spherical
refractive
errors
ranged
from
-
14
.
00
DS
to
+
8
.
00
DS
while
astigmatic
errors
ranged
from
-
6
.
00
DC
to
+
6
DC
.
Mixed
refractive
and
non-refractive
disorder
i
.
e
.
presenting
visual
impairment
was
present
in
100
.
0
Â
%
participants
.
Overall
,
refractive
error
was
associated
with
non-possession
of
tertiary
education
(
OR
0
.
61
;
95
Â
%
CI
0
.
38
-
0
.
96
;
p
Â
=
Â
0
.
0374
)
.
There
is
high
prevalence
of
refractive
,
non-refractive
and
mixed
ophthalmic
disorders
among
albinos
in
south-
eastern
Nigeria
.
This
underscores
the
need
for
tailored
provision
of
resources
to
address
their
eye
care
needs
,
and
creation
of
needs
awareness
amongst
them
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"visual impairment"
symptom
adrenomyeloneuropathy
alexander disease
aniridia
coats disease
cohen syndrome
congenital toxoplasmosis
hirschsprung disease
homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
werner syndrome
This symptom has already been validated