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Epileptic seizures and electroencephalographic evolution in genetic leukodystrophies.
[neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy]
The
purpose
of
this
study
is
to
explore
and
compare
epileptic
seizures
and
EEG
evolution
in
the
various
types
of
genetic
leukodystrophy
(
GL
)
.
The
authors
reviewed
the
medical
records
and
analyzed
69
serial
EEGs
in
27
patients
with
GLs
:
13
with
late
infantile
metachromatic
leukodystrophy
,
one
with
juvenile
metachromatic
leukodystrophy
,
one
with
globoid
cell
leukodystrophy
,
six
with
X-
linked
childhood
adrenoleukodystrophy
,
one
with
neonatal
adrenoleukodystrophy
,
four
with
classic
Pelizaeus-
Merzbacher
disease
(
PMD
)
,
and
1
with
connatal
Pelizaeus-
Merzbacher
disease
.
The
diagnoses
were
made
by
biochemical
and
molecular
studies
.
Two
or
more
EEG
studies
with
both
awake
and
sleep
traces
were
recorded
during
the
varying
clinical
stages
for
each
patient
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
GLs
,
the
EEGs
were
normal
or
showed
mild
slowing
of
background
activity
.
Clinical
seizures
,
mainly
of
focal
origin
,
with
progressive
slowing
and
paroxysmal
discharges
on
EEGs
,
usually
appeared
during
the
later
stages
of
metachromatic
leukodystrophy
,
X-
linked
childhood
adrenoleukodystrophy
,
and
classic
Pelizaeus-
Merzbacher
disease
.
However
,
intractable
seizures
,
mainly
generalized
in
nature
,
and
more
severe
slowing
and
abundant
paroxysmal
discharges
on
EEGs
,
with
commensurate
neurologic
deterioration
,
were
observed
during
the
earlier
course
of
globoid
cell
leukodystrophy
,
neonatal
adrenoleukodystrophy
,
and
connatal
Pelizaeus-
Merzbacher
disease
.
These
results
indicate
that
GLs
involve
not
only
white
matter
,
but
gray
matter
as
well
.
In
all
types
of
GL
,
there
is
good
correlation
between
the
severity
of
EEG
changes
,
the
severity
of
the
diseases
,
and
the
clinical
state
of
the
patient
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"commensurate neurologic deterioration"
symptom
neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy
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