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[Cognitive neuroscience of consciousness: from theory to bedside].
[locked-in syndrome]
The
exploration
of
the
neural
bases
of
consciousness
(
both
conscious
states
and
conscious
mental
contents
)
has
progressed
significantly
over
the
last
15
years
,
in
particular
concerning
the
investigation
of
conscious
access
during
perception
.
These
advancements
stem
both
from
original
neuropsychological
studies
,
and
from
the
rapid
development
of
functional
brain
-imaging
tools
and
methods
.
Only
since
recently
these
discoveries
lead
to
medical
applications
aiming
at
improving
the
evaluation
and
follow-up
of
patients
suffering
from
impairments
of
functional
communication
and
/
or
of
consciousness
(
comatose
,
vegetative
,
minimally
conscious
states
,
or
paralyzed
patients
such
as
the
"
locked
in
"
syndrome
or
similar
conditions
)
.
By
contributing
to
possible
improvements
of
diagnosis
and
prognosis
evaluations
of
these
complex
medical
situations
,
these
new
tools
open
new
perspectives
associated
with
noteworthy
ethical
,
social
and
philosophic
implications
.