Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
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Ethical issues in states of impaired communication with intact consciousness and language.
[locked-in syndrome]
Acute
and
chronic
peripheral
and
/
or
central
disorders
of
the
voluntary
motor
system
can
produce
profound
paresis
or
paralysis
,
at
times
with
ophthalmoplegia
,
while
preserving
consciousness
and
language
function
.
Although
at
times
appearing
to
be
unconscious
,
these
patients
are
awake
and
alert
but
unable
to
communicate
,
manipulate
their
environment
,
or
participate
in
medical
decision-making
.
Clinicians
caring
for
these
patients
are
ethically
tasked
with
recognizing
this
clinical
reality
,
enacting
measures
to
facilitate
communication
,
and
abiding
by
ethical
and
legal
principles
that
support
autonomous
patient-centered
decision-making
.
This
chapter
reviews
the
various
disorders
that
may
cause
this
state
while
using
three
exemplary
disorders
-
locked-
in
syndrome
,
caused
by
an
anterior
pontine
lesion
;
high
cervical
spinal
cord
lesion
;
and
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
-
to
discuss
the
management
of
these
patients
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"motor system"
symptom
locked-in syndrome
oculocutaneous albinism
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