Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
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A random Abstract
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Assessing consciousness in coma and related states using transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography.
[locked-in syndrome]
Thanks
to
advances
in
medical
care
,
an
increased
number
of
patients
recover
from
coma
.
However
,
some
remain
in
vegetative
/
unresponsive
wakefulness
syndrome
or
in
a
minimally
conscious
state
.
Detection
of
awareness
in
severely
brain
-injured
patients
is
challenging
because
it
relies
on
behavioral
assessments
,
which
can
be
affected
by
motor
,
sensory
and
cognitive
impairments
of
the
patients
.
Other
means
of
evaluation
are
needed
to
improve
the
accuracy
of
the
diagnosis
in
this
challenging
population
.
We
will
here
review
the
different
altered
states
of
consciousness
occurring
after
severe
brain
damage
,
and
explain
the
difficulties
associated
with
behavioral
assessment
of
consciousness
.
We
will
then
describe
a
non-invasive
technique
,
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation
combined
with
high
-density
electroencephalography
(
TMS-EEG
)
,
which
has
allowed
us
to
detect
the
presence
or
absence
of
consciousness
in
different
physiological
,
pathological
and
pharmacological
states
.
Some
potential
underlying
mechanisms
of
the
loss
of
consciousness
will
then
be
discussed
.
In
conclusion
,
TMS-EEG
is
highly
promising
in
identifying
markers
of
consciousness
at
the
individual
level
and
might
be
of
great
value
for
clinicians
in
the
assessment
of
consciousness
.
