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Fast immunosensing technique to detect Legionella pneumophila in different natural and anthropogenic environments: comparative and collaborative trials.
[legionellosis]
Legionellosis
is
an
uncommon
form
of
pneumonia
.
After
a
clinical
encounter
,
the
necessary
antibiotic
treatment
is
available
if
the
diagnosis
is
made
early
in
the
illness
.
Before
the
clinical
encounter
,
early
detection
of
the
main
pathogen
involved
,
Legionella
pneumophila
,
in
hazardous
environments
is
important
in
preventing
infectious
levels
of
this
bacterium
.
In
this
study
a
qualitative
test
based
on
combined
magnetic
immunocapture
and
enzyme-immunoassay
for
the
fast
detection
of
Legionella
pneumophila
in
water
samples
was
compared
with
the
standard
method
,
in
both
comparative
and
collaborative
trials
.
The
test
was
based
on
the
use
of
anti-
Legionella
pneumophila
antibodies
immobilized
on
magnetic
microspheres
.
The
final
protocol
included
concentration
by
filtration
,
resuspension
and
immunomagnetic
capture
.
The
whole
assay
took
less
than
1
hour
to
complete
.
A
comparative
trial
was
performed
against
the
standard
culture
method
(
ISO
11731
)
on
both
artificially
and
naturally
contaminated
water
samples
,
for
two
matrices
:
chlorinated
tap
water
and
cooling
tower
water
.
Performance
characteristics
of
the
test
used
as
screening
with
culture
confirmation
resulted
in
sensitivity
,
specificity
,
false
positive
,
false
negative
,
and
efficiency
of
96
.
6
%
,
100
%
,
0
%
,
3
.
4
%
,
and
97
.
8
%
,
respectively
.
The
detection
limit
at
the
level
under
which
the
false
negative
rate
increases
to
50
%
(
LOD
50
)
was
93
colony
forming
units
(
CFU
)
in
the
volume
examined
for
both
tested
matrices
.
The
collaborative
trial
included
twelve
laboratories
.
Water
samples
spiked
with
certified
reference
materials
were
tested
.
In
this
study
the
coincidence
level
between
the
two
methods
was
95
.
8
%
.
Results
demonstrate
the
applicability
of
this
immunosensing
technique
to
the
rapid
,
simple
,
and
efficient
detection
of
Legionella
pneumophila
in
water
samples
.
This
test
is
not
based
on
microbial
growth
,
so
it
could
be
used
as
a
rapid
screening
technique
for
the
detection
of
L
.
pneumophila
in
waters
,
maintaining
the
performance
of
conventional
culture
for
isolation
of
the
pathogen
and
related
studies
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"pneumonia"
symptom
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
acute rheumatic fever
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
alpha-thalassemia
classical phenylketonuria
cohen syndrome
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
lamellar ichthyosis
legionellosis
liposarcoma
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
oculocutaneous albinism
omenn syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
scrub typhus
severe combined immunodeficiency
triple a syndrome
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
zellweger syndrome
This symptom has already been validated