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Recombination drives genome evolution in outbreak-related Legionella pneumophila isolates.
[legionellosis]
Legionella
pneumophila
is
a
strictly
environmental
pathogen
and
the
etiological
agent
of
legionellosis
.
It
is
known
that
non-
vertical
processes
have
a
major
role
in
the
short
-term
evolution
of
pathogens
,
but
little
is
known
about
the
relevance
of
these
and
other
processes
in
environmental
bacteria
.
We
report
the
whole-genome
sequencing
of
69
L
.
pneumophila
strains
linked
to
recurrent
outbreaks
in
a
single
location
(
Alcoy
,
Spain
)
over
11
years
.
We
found
some
examples
where
the
genome
sequences
of
isolates
of
the
same
sequence
type
and
outbreak
did
not
cluster
together
and
were
more
closely
related
to
sequences
from
different
outbreaks
.
Our
analyses
identify
16
recombination
events
responsible
for
almost
98
%
of
the
SNPs
detected
in
the
core
genome
and
an
apparent
acceleration
in
the
evolutionary
rate
.
These
results
have
profound
implications
for
the
understanding
of
microbial
populations
and
for
public
health
interventions
in
Legionella
outbreak
investigations
.
