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Successful treatment of Candida albicans septicemia in a preterm infant with severe congenital ichthyosis (Harlequin baby).
[lamellar ichthyosis]
Candida
infections
are
a
major
cause
of
fungal
septicemia
in
neonates
and
are
associated
with
marked
morbidity
and
mortality
.
Despite
the
spectrum
of
antifungal
drugs
being
dramatically
extended
during
the
last
decade
,
invasive
fungal
infections
remain
a
serious
challenge
for
neonatologists
.
Amphotericin
B
and
its
lipid
formulations
are
the
drugs
of
choice
for
the
treatment
of
systemic
candidiasis
in
neonates
.
The
combination
of
antifungal
drugs
with
different
sites
of
action
,
like
caspofungin
and
amphotericin
B
,
may
improve
antifungal
efficacy
.
Severe
congenital
ichthyosis
often
leads
to
death
within
the
neonatal
period
.
Main
causes
of
death
are
dehydration
,
electrolyte
disturbances
,
and
respiratory
or
systemic
infections
.
We
report
the
case
of
a
preterm
infant
with
severe
congenital
ichthyosis
and
sepsis
caused
by
Candida
albicans
.
The
infection
did
not
improve
despite
proper
liposomal
amphotericin
B
treatment
.
After
addition
of
caspofungin
,
the
baby
recovered
.
To
our
best
knowledge
,
a
case
of
a
preterm
infant
suffering
from
severe
congenital
ichthyosis
and
Candida
albicans
sepsis
,
who
survived
,
has
not
been
previously
described
.
