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Surgical considerations in 22Q11.2 deletion syndrome.
[22q11.2 deletion syndrome]
The
22
q
11
.
2
deletion
syndrome
(
22
q
11
DS
)
may
be
associated
with
several
palatal
abnormalities
,
including
overt
cleft
palate
,
submucosal
cleft
palate
,
palatopharyngeal
disproportion
,
and
velar
hypotonia
.
The
syndrome
is
the
genetic
disorder
most
commonly
associated
with
velopharyngeal
dysfunction
(
VPD
)
.
The
complex
causes
of
VPD
in
affected
patients
combine
with
the
complexity
of
associated
medical
disorders
to
render
surgical
management
of
the
velopharynx
particularly
challenging
.
Optimization
of
surgical
outcomes
requires
precision
in
diagnosis
,
surgical
management
,
and
multidisciplinary
care
.
This
article
provides
an
overview
of
22
q
11
DS
and
provides
a
review
of
the
assessment
and
surgical
management
of
VPD
in
affected
individuals
.
