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[Myositis and the skin: cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis].
[inclusion body myositis]
Idiopathic
inflammatory
myopathies
include
dermatomyositis
,
polymyositis
,
and
inclusion
body
myositis
.
Among
them
,
cutaneous
manifestations
are
observed
most
frequently
in
dermatomyositis
.
While
dermatomyositis
commonly
affects
the
skin
and
muscles
,
it
can
also
affect
the
lungs
and
other
organs
.
Dermatomyositis
presenting
clinically
and
histopathologically
with
typical
cutaneous
lesions
,
but
without
myositis
,
is
called
amyopathic
dermatomyositis
.
Given
that
the
Bohan
and
Peter
criteria
can
not
distinguish
amyopathic
dermatomyositis
,
understanding
the
characteristic
skin
manifestations
may
be
essential
for
diagnosing
this
condition
.
The
cutaneous
manifestations
of
dermatomyositis
are
thought
to
be
the
result
of
the
Koebner
phenomenon
,
vasculopathy
,
or
photosensitivity
;
manifestations
include
various
eruptions
,
such
as
heliotrope
rush
,
Gottron
's
sign
,
Gottron
's
papules
,
mechanic
's
hand
,
nail
-fold
bleeding
,
skin
ulcer
,
vasculitis
,
flagellate
erythema
,
V-
sign
,
and
Shawl
sign
.
The
presence
of
multiple
types
of
eruptions
can
help
diagnose
the
disease
.
Several
skin
diseases
,
including
adult
Still
's
disease
,
contact
dermatitis
,
and
sarcoidosis
,
can
mimic
the
cutaneous
manifestations
of
dermatomyositis
.
Skin
biopsy
is
useful
for
differential
diagnoses
.
Histopathologically
,
dermatomyositis
of
the
skin
is
characterized
by
liquefaction
degeneration
,
vacuolar
degeneration
,
edema
,
and
mucin
deposition
.
Dermatologists
,
neurologists
,
and
rheumatologists
are
responsible
for
the
diagnosis
and
management
of
dermatomyositis
,
in
cooperation
with
pulmonologists
,
pediatricians
,
and
pathologists
.
This
review
aims
to
provide
clinicians
with
recent
findings
regarding
skin
involvement
in
dermatomyositis
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"skin diseases"
symptom
cutaneous mastocytosis
dentinogenesis imperfecta
dracunculiasis
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erythropoietic protoporphyria
fabry disease
harlequin ichthyosis
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
oculocutaneous albinism
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
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