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[Myositis and the skin: cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis].
[inclusion body myositis]
Idiopathic
inflammatory
myopathies
include
dermatomyositis
,
polymyositis
,
and
inclusion
body
myositis
.
Among
them
,
cutaneous
manifestations
are
observed
most
frequently
in
dermatomyositis
.
While
dermatomyositis
commonly
affects
the
skin
and
muscles
,
it
can
also
affect
the
lungs
and
other
organs
.
Dermatomyositis
presenting
clinically
and
histopathologically
with
typical
cutaneous
lesions
,
but
without
myositis
,
is
called
amyopathic
dermatomyositis
.
Given
that
the
Bohan
and
Peter
criteria
can
not
distinguish
amyopathic
dermatomyositis
,
understanding
the
characteristic
skin
manifestations
may
be
essential
for
diagnosing
this
condition
.
The
cutaneous
manifestations
of
dermatomyositis
are
thought
to
be
the
result
of
the
Koebner
phenomenon
,
vasculopathy
,
or
photosensitivity
;
manifestations
include
various
eruptions
,
such
as
heliotrope
rush
,
Gottron
's
sign
,
Gottron
's
papules
,
mechanic
's
hand
,
nail
-fold
bleeding
,
skin
ulcer
,
vasculitis
,
flagellate
erythema
,
V-
sign
,
and
Shawl
sign
.
The
presence
of
multiple
types
of
eruptions
can
help
diagnose
the
disease
.
Several
skin
diseases
,
including
adult
Still
's
disease
,
contact
dermatitis
,
and
sarcoidosis
,
can
mimic
the
cutaneous
manifestations
of
dermatomyositis
.
Skin
biopsy
is
useful
for
differential
diagnoses
.
Histopathologically
,
dermatomyositis
of
the
skin
is
characterized
by
liquefaction
degeneration
,
vacuolar
degeneration
,
edema
,
and
mucin
deposition
.
Dermatologists
,
neurologists
,
and
rheumatologists
are
responsible
for
the
diagnosis
and
management
of
dermatomyositis
,
in
cooperation
with
pulmonologists
,
pediatricians
,
and
pathologists
.
This
review
aims
to
provide
clinicians
with
recent
findings
regarding
skin
involvement
in
dermatomyositis
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"photosensitivity"
symptom
cholangiocarcinoma
erythropoietic protoporphyria
inclusion body myositis
kindler syndrome
This symptom has already been validated