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Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor: a new player for the enteric nervous system.
[hirschsprung disease]
The
enteric
nervous
system
(
ENS
)
controls
and
modulates
gut
motility
and
responds
to
food
intake
and
to
internal
and
external
stimuli
such
as
toxins
or
inflammation
.
Its
plasticity
is
maintained
throughout
life
by
neural
progenitor
cells
within
the
enteric
stem
cell
niche
.
Granulocyte-colony
stimulating
factor
(
G-CSF
)
is
known
to
act
not
only
on
cells
of
the
immune
system
but
also
on
neurons
and
neural
progenitors
in
the
central
nervous
system
(
CNS
)
.
Here
,
we
demonstrate
,
for
the
first
time
,
that
G-CSF
receptor
is
present
on
enteric
neurons
and
progenitors
and
that
G-CSF
plays
a
role
in
the
expansion
and
differentiation
of
enteric
neural
progenitor
cells
.
Cultured
mouse
ENS-neurospheres
show
increased
expansion
with
increased
G-CSF
concentrations
,
in
contrast
to
CNS-derived
spheres
.
In
cultures
from
differentiated
ENS-
and
CNS-neurospheres
,
neurite
outgrowth
density
is
enhanced
depending
on
the
amount
of
G-CSF
in
the
culture
.
G-CSF
might
be
an
important
factor
in
the
regeneration
and
differentiation
of
the
ENS
and
might
be
a
useful
tool
for
the
investigation
and
treatment
of
ENS
disorders
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"in contrast to cns-derived spheres"
symptom
hirschsprung disease
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