Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
Home
A random Abstract
Our Project
Our Team
Investigation of hypercalcemia.
[familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia]
Hypercalcemia
is
a
relatively
common
clinical
finding
.
Primary
hyperparathyroidism
,
hypercalcemia
associated
with
malignancy
and
chronic
renal
failure
(
with
calcium
and
vitamin
D
metabolite
treatment
or
tertiary
hyperparathyroidism
)
are
the
most
common
causes
.
Less
common
causes
of
hypercalcemia
include
vitamin
D-
related
(
granulomatous
diseases
,
lymphoma
,
vitamin
D
intoxication
)
,
other
endocrine
(
thyrotoxicosis
)
,
medications
(
milk-alkali
,
thiazides
,
lithium
)
and
other
causes
(
immobilization
,
familial
hypocalciuric
hypercalcemia
)
.
The
clinical
laboratory
is
central
to
the
diagnosis
and
differential
diagnosis
of
hypercalcemia
.
Its
role
has
expanded
from
measuring
routine
chemistry
tests
such
as
total
calcium
,
phosphate
,
creatinine
and
alkaline
phosphate
to
include
quantification
of
ionized
calcium
,
parathyroid
hormone
(
PTH
)
and
vitamin
D
metabolites
.
In
spite
of
this
progress
,
the
diagnosis
and
differential
diagnosis
of
hypercalcemia
can
be
significantly
improved
by
:
1
)
increasing
the
availability
and
utilization
of
ionized
calcium
since
total
and
corrected
calcium
are
often
inaccurate
;
2
)
establishing
more
accurate
reference
intervals
for
parathyroid
hormone
by
excluding
individuals
who
are
vitamin
D
insufficient
or
deficient
;
and
3
)
harmonizing
intact
PTH
immunoassays
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"lymphoma"
symptom
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cushing syndrome
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
focal myositis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
kabuki syndrome
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
monosomy 21
oculocutaneous albinism
primary effusion lymphoma
severe combined immunodeficiency
systemic capillary leak syndrome
waldenström macroglobulinemia
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
This symptom has already been validated