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Current advances in esophageal cancer proteomics.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
We
review
the
current
status
of
proteomics
for
esophageal
cancer
(
EC
)
from
a
clinician
's
viewpoint
.
The
ultimate
goal
of
cancer
proteomics
is
the
improvement
of
clinical
outcome
.
The
proteome
as
a
functional
translation
of
the
genome
is
a
straightforward
representation
of
genomic
mechanisms
that
trigger
carcinogenesis
.
Cancer
proteomics
has
identified
the
mechanisms
of
carcinogenesis
and
tumor
progression
,
detected
biomarker
candidates
for
early
diagnosis
,
and
provided
novel
therapeutic
targets
for
personalized
treatments
.
Our
review
focuses
on
three
major
topics
in
EC
proteomics
:
diagnostics
,
treatment
,
and
molecular
mechanisms
.
We
discuss
the
major
histological
differences
between
EC
types
,
i
.
e
.
,
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
and
adenocarcinoma
,
and
evaluate
the
clinical
significance
of
published
proteomics
studies
,
including
promising
diagnostic
biomarkers
and
novel
therapeutic
targets
,
which
should
be
further
validated
prior
to
launching
clinical
trials
.
Multi-disciplinary
collaborations
between
basic
scientists
,
clinicians
,
and
pathologists
should
be
established
for
inter-institutional
validation
.
In
conclusion
,
EC
proteomics
has
provided
significant
results
,
which
after
thorough
validation
,
should
lead
to
the
development
of
novel
clinical
tools
and
improvement
of
the
clinical
outcome
for
esophageal
cancer
patients
.
This
article
is
part
of
a
Special
Issue
entitled
:
Medical
Proteomics
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"detected biomarker candidates for early diagnosis"
symptom
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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