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Analysis of prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with distant organ metastasis at initial diagnosis.
[esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]
Esophageal
cancer
is
the
eighth
most
common
malignancy
and
sixth
most
fatal
disease
worldwide
.
However
,
it
is
the
fourth
most
common
cause
of
death
in
China
.
Although
surgery
is
currently
the
recommended
course
of
treatment
,
there
are
some
patients
that
do
not
receive
radical
treatment
due
to
the
presence
of
distant
organ
or
lymph
node
metastasis
.
There
is
at
present
no
established
treatment
standard
for
esophageal
cancer
patients
with
distant
organ
metastasis
.
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
investigate
the
prognostic
factors
involved
in
determining
survival
of
esophageal
cancer
patients
with
distant
organ
metastasis
at
initial
diagnosis
,
and
to
provide
a
reference
for
the
planning
of
a
clinical
treatment
strategy
.
The
data
of
57
evaluable
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
patients
with
distant
organ
metastasis
at
initial
diagnosis
were
studied
retrospectively
.
The
survival
rate
was
calculated
using
the
Kaplan-
Meier
method
,
and
the
log-rank
test
was
used
to
test
the
differences
.
Multivariable
analysis
was
performed
using
the
Cox
proportion
hazards
model
.
The
median
survival
time
for
all
patients
was
6
months
(
range
,
1
-
55
months
)
,
and
the
1
-
and
2
-
year
survival
rates
were
21
.
1
%
and
11
.
8
%
,
respectively
.
The
median
survival
time
for
patients
with
single
metastasis
was
10
months
with
1
-
and
2
-
year
survival
rates
of
47
.
4
%
and
28
.
1
%
,
respectively
.
For
patients
with
multiple
metastases
,
the
survival
duration
was
5
months
,
with
1
-
and
2
-
year
survival
rates
of
7
.
9
%
and
3
.
9
%
,
respectively
(
p
<
0
.
001
)
.
The
1
-
and
2
-
year
survival
rates
with
multimodality
treatment
were
70
%
and
45
%
,
respectively
,
which
were
significantly
better
than
chemotherapy
alone
(
13
.
3
%
and
8
.
9
%
,
respectively
,
p
=
0
.
003
)
and
best
supportive
care
(
5
.
9
%
and
0
%
,
p
<
0
.
001
)
,
but
there
was
no
significant
difference
between
the
latter
two
groups
(
p
=
0
.
061
)
.
For
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
patients
with
distant
organ
metastasis
upon
initial
diagnosis
,
the
presence
of
a
single
metastasis
appeared
to
favor
overall
survival
compared
to
multiple
metastases
.
Multimodality
treatment
may
also
improve
patient
survival
,
but
chemotherapy
alone
has
not
been
established
as
a
favorable
prognostic
factor
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated