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Inhibition of human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas by targeted silencing of tumor enhancer genes: an overview.
[esophageal carcinoma]
Esophageal
cancer
has
been
reported
as
the
ninth
most
common
malignancy
and
ranks
as
the
sixth
most
frequent
cause
of
death
worldwide
.
Esophageal
cancer
treatment
involves
surgery
,
chemotherapy
,
radiation
therapy
,
or
combination
therapy
.
Novel
strategies
are
needed
to
boost
the
oncologic
outcome
.
Recent
advances
in
the
molecular
biology
of
esophageal
cancer
have
documented
the
role
of
genetic
alterations
in
tumorigenesis
.
Oncogenes
serve
a
pivotal
function
in
tumorigenesis
.
Targeted
therapies
are
directed
at
the
unique
molecular
signature
of
cancer
cells
for
enhanced
efficacy
with
low
toxicity
.
RNA
interference
(
RNAi
)
technology
is
a
powerful
tool
for
silencing
endogenous
or
exogenous
genes
in
mammalian
cells
.
Related
results
have
shown
that
targeting
oncogenes
with
siRNAs
,
specifically
the
mRNA
,
effectively
reduces
tumor
cell
proliferation
and
induces
apoptotic
cell
death
.
This
article
will
briefly
review
studies
on
silencing
tumor
enhancer
genes
related
to
the
induction
of
esophageal
cancer
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated