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DADS suppresses human esophageal xenograft tumors through RAF/MEK/ERK and mitochondria-dependent pathways.
[esophageal carcinoma]
Diallyl
disulfide
(
DADS
)
is
a
natural
organosulfur
compound
isolated
from
garlic
.
DADS
has
various
biological
properties
,
including
anticancer
,
antiangiogenic
,
and
antioxidant
effects
.
However
,
the
anticancer
mechanisms
of
DADS
in
human
esophageal
carcinoma
have
not
been
elucidated
,
especially
in
vivo
.
In
this
study
,
MTT
assay
showed
that
DADS
significantly
reduced
cell
viability
in
human
esophageal
carcinoma
ECA
109
cells
,
but
was
relatively
less
toxic
in
normal
liver
cells
.
The
pro-apoptotic
effect
of
DADS
on
ECA
109
cells
was
detected
by
Annexin
V-FITC
/
propidium
iodide
(
PI
)
staining
.
Flow
cytometry
analysis
showed
that
DADS
promoted
apoptosis
in
a
dose-dependent
manner
and
the
apoptosis
rate
could
be
decreased
by
caspase-
3
inhibitor
Ac-
DEVD-
CHO
.
Xenograft
study
in
nude
mice
showed
that
DADS
treatment
inhibited
the
growth
of
ECA
109
tumor
in
both
20
and
40
mg
/
kg
DADS
groups
without
obvious
side
effects
.
DADS
inhibited
ECA
109
tumor
proliferation
by
down-regulating
proliferation
cell
nuclear
antigen
(
PCNA
)
.
DADS
induced
apoptosis
by
activating
a
mitochondria-dependent
pathway
with
the
executor
of
caspase-
3
,
increasing
p
53
level
and
Bax
/
Bcl-
2
ratio
,
and
downregulating
the
RAF
/
MEK
/
ERK
pathway
in
ECA
109
xenograft
tumosr
.
Based
on
studies
in
cell
culture
and
animal
models
,
the
findings
here
indicate
that
DADS
is
an
effective
and
safe
anti-
cancer
agent
for
esophageal
carcinoma
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"including anticancer"
symptom
esophageal carcinoma
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