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Pharmacological Intervention through Dietary Nutraceuticals in Gastrointestinal Neoplasia.
[esophageal carcinoma]
Abstract
Neoplastic
conditions
associated
with
gastrointestinal
(
GI
)
tract
are
common
worldwide
with
colorectal
cancer
alone
accounting
for
the
third
leading
rate
of
cancer
incidence
.
Other
GI
malignancies
such
as
esophageal
carcinoma
have
shown
an
increasing
trend
in
the
last
few
years
.
The
poor
survival
statistics
of
these
fatal
cancer
diseases
highlight
the
need
for
multiple
alternative
treatment
options
along
with
effective
prophylactic
strategies
.
Worldwide
geographical
variation
in
cancer
incidence
indicates
a
correlation
between
dietary
habits
and
cancer
risk
.
Epidemiological
studies
have
suggested
that
populations
with
high
intake
of
certain
dietary
agents
in
their
regular
meals
have
lower
cancer
rates
.
Thus
an
impressive
embodiment
of
evidence
supports
the
concept
that
dietary
factors
are
key
modulators
of
cancer
including
those
of
GI
origin
.
Preclinical
studies
on
animal
models
of
carcinogenesis
have
reflected
the
pharmacological
significance
of
certain
dietary
agents
called
as
nutraceuticals
in
the
chemoprevention
of
GI
neoplasia
.
These
include
stilbenes
(
from
red
grapes
and
red
wine
)
,
isoflavones
(
from
soy
)
,
carotenoids
(
from
tomatoes
)
,
curcuminoids
(
from
spice
turmeric
)
,
catechins
(
from
green
tea
)
and
various
other
small
plant
metabolites
(
from
fruits
,
vegetables
and
cereals
)
.
Pleiotropic
action
mechanisms
have
been
reported
for
these
diet-derived
chemopreventive
agents
to
retard
,
block
or
reverse
carcinogenesis
.
This
review
presents
a
prophylactic
approach
to
primary
prevention
of
GI
cancers
by
highlighting
the
translational
potential
of
plant-derived
nutraceuticals
from
epidemiological
,
laboratory
and
clinical
studies
,
for
the
better
management
of
these
cancers
through
consumption
of
nutraceutical
rich
diets
and
their
intervention
in
cancer
therapeutics
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated