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Vitamin D receptor is highly expressed in precancerous lesions and esophageal adenocarcinoma with significant sex difference.
[esophageal adenocarcinoma]
Bile
acid
reflux
into
the
esophagus
is
important
in
the
development
of
esophageal
adenocarcinoma
(
EAC
)
.
Recently
,
vitamin
D
receptor
(
VDR
)
was
recognized
as
a
bile
acid
receptor
as
well
as
a
vitamin
receptor
.
Expression
of
VDR
is
reported
to
influence
the
development
of
various
types
of
cancer
,
such
as
those
of
the
breast
,
liver
,
and
colon
.
However
,
little
is
known
about
the
role
of
VDR
in
esophageal
neoplasms
.
We
investigated
the
clinicopathological
role
of
VDR
in
esophageal
tumors
.
We
analyzed
genomic
DNA
from
116
EACs
for
copy
number
aberrations
.
The
VDR
locus
was
amplified
in
7
%
of
EACs
.
Expression
of
the
VDR
protein
was
also
detected
by
immunohistochemistry
from
tissue
microarrays
created
from
tissues
of
Barrett
esophagus
(
BE
)
,
low
-grade
(
LGD
)
and
high
-grade
dysplasia
(
HGD
)
,
columnar
cell
metaplasia
(
CCM
)
,
squamous
epithelium
(
SE
)
,
EAC
,
and
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(
ESCC
)
.
The
protein
was
highly
expressed
in
88
%
of
CCM
(
58
/
66
)
,
95
%
of
BE
(
35
/
37
)
,
100
%
of
the
19
LGD
,
94
%
of
HGD
(
15
/
16
)
,
and
79
%
of
EAC
(
86
/
109
)
,
but
expression
in
SE
and
ESCC
was
rare
.
Female
patients
with
EAC
and
CCM
were
significantly
less
likely
to
have
high
VDR
expression
than
male
patients
.
The
overall
survival
rate
was
significantly
different
for
patients
with
tumors
exhibiting
VDR
amplification
versus
nonamplification
.
Our
findings
suggest
that
VDR
plays
a
role
in
the
early
development
of
EAC
through
a
bile
acid
ligand
.
The
sex
difference
in
VDR
expression
may
help
to
explain
why
men
have
a
high
incidence
of
EAC
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"cancer"
symptom
achondroplasia
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
alpha-thalassemia
benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
cadasil
canavan disease
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cholangiocarcinoma
coats disease
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
cowden syndrome
cushing syndrome
cutaneous mastocytosis
dedifferentiated liposarcoma
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
erdheim-chester disease
erythropoietic protoporphyria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
gm1 gangliosidosis
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
hirschsprung disease
hodgkin lymphoma, classical
inclusion body myositis
junctional epidermolysis bullosa
kabuki syndrome
kallmann syndrome
kindler syndrome
lamellar ichthyosis
liposarcoma
locked-in syndrome
lymphangioleiomyomatosis
monosomy 21
neuralgic amyotrophy
oculocutaneous albinism
oligodontia
oral submucous fibrosis
papillon-lefèvre syndrome
pendred syndrome
pleomorphic liposarcoma
primary effusion lymphoma
proteus syndrome
pyomyositis
pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
severe combined immunodeficiency
sneddon syndrome
systemic capillary leak syndrome
triple a syndrome
von hippel-lindau disease
waldenström macroglobulinemia
well-differentiated liposarcoma
werner syndrome
wiskott-aldrich syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated