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Tumorlike conditions of the pleura.
[erdheim-chester disease]
Tumorlike
conditions
of
the
pleura
are
rare
,
but
diagnosis
is
facilitated
by
recognizing
certain
imaging
patterns
and
interpreting
them
in
the
clinical
context
.
A
tumorlike
condition
of
the
pleura
is
any
nonneoplastic
lesion
of
the
pleura
itself
,
or
within
the
pleural
space
,
that
resembles
a
tumor
.
An
approach
to
diagnosis
of
the
tumorlike
conditions
of
the
pleura
is
provided
,
and
these
conditions
are
grouped
into
focal
or
diffuse
conditions
,
with
an
emphasis
on
specific
imaging
features
.
Focal
tumorlike
conditions
of
the
pleura
include
pleural
plaque
,
thoracic
splenosis
,
thoracic
endometriosis
causing
catamenial
pneumothorax
,
and
pseudotumor
caused
by
pleural
effusion
.
Thoracic
splenosis
should
be
considered
in
a
patient
who
has
a
healed
left
lower
rib
fracture
,
an
absent
spleen
,
and
left
lower
pleural
nodules
.
Thoracic
endometriosis
with
catamenial
pneumothorax
should
be
considered
in
a
woman
of
childbearing
age
who
presents
with
right
scapular
pain
and
recurrent
pneumothorax
occurring
at
or
around
the
onset
of
menses
.
Extrapleural
hematoma
is
a
nonpleural
mimic
of
pleural
tumor
and
shares
some
imaging
features
with
focal
tumorlike
conditions
of
the
pleura
,
despite
residing
in
the
extrapleural
space
.
Diffuse
tumorlike
conditions
of
the
pleura
include
diffuse
pleural
thickening
and
rare
conditions
such
as
Erdheim-
Chester
disease
and
diffuse
pulmonary
lymphangiomatosis
.
Erdheim-
Chester
disease
should
be
considered
when
diffuse
pleural
thickening
occurs
with
a
perirenal
soft
-tissue
halo
or
distal
femoral
sclerosis
.
Diffuse
pulmonary
lymphangiomatosis
should
be
considered
when
findings
include
diffuse
pleural
thickening
,
interlobular
septal
and
peribronchovascular
interstitial
thickening
,
and
mediastinal
fat
infiltration
limited
to
the
thorax
and
when
these
findings
persist
despite
diuretic
therapy
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"focal tumorlike conditions of the pleura"
symptom
erdheim-chester disease
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