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Regulation of keratin expression by retinoids.
[epidermolysis bullosa simplex]
Vitamin
A
and
its
natural
and
synthetic
metabolites
(
retinoids
)
affect
growth
and
differentiation
of
human
skin
and
among
the
genes
affected
by
retinoids
in
epidermis
are
keratin
genes
.
Keratins
are
intermediate
filament
proteins
that
have
essential
functions
in
maintaining
the
structural
integrity
of
epidermis
and
its
appendages
.
Their
expressions
are
under
strict
control
to
produce
keratins
that
are
optimally
adapted
to
their
environment
.
In
this
article
,
retinoid
regulation
of
keratin
expression
in
cultured
human
epidermal
keratinocytes
and
in
human
skin
in
vivo
will
be
reviewed
.
The
direct
and
indirect
mechanisms
involved
will
be
discussed
and
novel
therapeutic
strategies
will
be
proposed
for
utilizing
retinoids
in
skin
disorders
due
to
keratin
mutations
(
e
.
g
.
,
epidermolysis
bullosa
simplex
and
epidermolytic
ichthyosis
)
.
