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Progress toward global eradication of dracunculiasis, January 2008-June 2009.
[dracunculiasis]
Dracunculiasis
is
a
parasitic
infection
caused
by
Dracunculus
medinensis
.
Persons
become
infected
by
drinking
water
from
stagnant
sources
(
e
.
g
.
,
ponds
)
contaminated
by
copepods
(
water
fleas
)
that
contain
immature
forms
of
the
parasite
.
In
1986
,
the
World
Health
Assembly
(
WHA
)
called
for
the
eradication
of
dracunculiasis
(
Guinea
worm
disease
)
at
a
time
when
an
estimated
3
.
5
million
cases
occurred
annually
in
20
countries
in
Africa
and
Asia
and
120
million
persons
were
at
risk
for
the
disease
.
Because
of
slow
mobilization
in
countries
with
endemic
disease
,
the
global
dracunculiasis
eradication
program
did
not
meet
the
1995
target
date
for
eradicating
dracunculiasis
set
by
WHA
in
1991
.
In
2004
,
WHA
established
a
new
target
date
of
2009
;
despite
considerable
progress
toward
global
eradication
,
that
target
date
also
will
not
be
met
.
This
report
updates
continued
progress
toward
global
eradication
of
dracunculiasis
since
January
2008
.
At
the
end
of
December
2008
,
dracunculiasis
was
endemic
in
six
countries
(
Ethiopia
,
Ghana
,
Mali
,
Niger
,
Nigeria
,
and
Sudan
)
.
The
number
of
indigenous
cases
of
dracunculiasis
had
decreased
52
%
,
from
9
,
585
in
2007
to
4
,
619
in
2008
.
Of
the
1
,
446
cases
that
occurred
during
January
-
June
2009
,
1
,
413
(
98
%
)
were
reported
from
Sudan
and
Ghana
.
Currently
,
insecurity
(
e
.
g
.
,
sporadic
violence
or
civil
unrest
)
in
areas
of
Sudan
and
Mali
where
dracunculiasis
is
endemic
poses
the
greatest
threat
to
the
success
of
the
global
dracunculiasis
eradication
program
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"global eradication"
symptom
dracunculiasis
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