Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction

A novel HPLC-electrochemical detection approach for the determination of D-penicillamine in skin specimens.

[cystinuria]

D-penicillamine is a thiol drug mainly used for Wilson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cystinuria. Adverse effects during normal use of the drug are frequent and may include skin lesions. To evaluate its toxic effects in clinical cases an original method based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to amperometric detection in a specific biological matrix such as skin has been developed. The chromatographic analysis of D-penicillamine was carried out on a C18 column using a mixture of acid phosphate buffer and methanol as the mobile phase. Satisfactory sensitivity was obtained by oxidizing the molecule at +0.95 V with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. A chemical reduction of D-penicillamine-protein disulphide bonds using dithioerythritol combined with microwaves was necessary for the determination of the total amount of D-penicillamine in skin specimens. A further solid-phase extraction procedure on C18 cartridges was implemented for the sample clean-up. The whole analytical procedure was validated: high extraction yield (>91.0%) and satisfactory precision (RSD<6.8%) values were obtained. It was successfully applied to skin samples from a patient who was previously under a long-term, high-dose treatment with the drug and presented serious D-penicillamine-related dermatoses. Thus, the method seems to be suitable for the analysis of D-penicillamine in skin tissues.

Diseases presenting "skin lesions" symptom

  • child syndrome
  • cowden syndrome
  • cutaneous mastocytosis
  • cystinuria
  • dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
  • epidermolysis bullosa simplex
  • erdheim-chester disease
  • erythropoietic protoporphyria
  • familial mediterranean fever
  • focal myositis
  • gm1 gangliosidosis
  • heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
  • hirschsprung disease
  • junctional epidermolysis bullosa
  • lamellar ichthyosis
  • liposarcoma
  • lymphangioleiomyomatosis
  • malignant atrophic papulosis
  • oligodontia
  • omenn syndrome
  • papillon-lefèvre syndrome
  • primary effusion lymphoma
  • proteus syndrome
  • severe combined immunodeficiency
  • sneddon syndrome
  • waldenström macroglobulinemia
  • werner syndrome
  • wiskott-aldrich syndrome

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