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c-KIT messenger RNA and protein expression and mutations in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: correlations with post-surgical prognosis.
[cutaneous mastocytosis]
Cutaneous
mast
cell
tumors
(
MCTs
)
are
among
the
most
common
neoplasms
in
dogs
and
show
a
highly
variable
biologic
behavior
.
Histological
grading
,
cell
proliferation
markers
,
and
KIT
immunohistochemistry
are
typically
used
to
predict
post-surgical
prognosis
.
In
the
present
study
,
c-
KIT
messenger
RNA
(
mRNA
)
expression
was
measured
in
canine
MCTs
and
its
relationship
with
tumor
grade
,
immunohistochemical
staining
pattern
,
post-surgical
prognosis
,
and
mutations
was
investigated
.
A
significant
increase
of
c-
KIT
mRNA
was
observed
in
MCTs
versus
healthy
skin
and
surgical
margins
.
Mutations
were
observed
in
8
.
3
%
of
cases
.
The
KIT
staining
pattern
was
investigated
for
both
grading
systems
.
In
particular
,
staining
pattern
III
was
associated
with
grade
II
(
G
2
)
and
G
3
MCTs
,
while
staining
patterns
I
and
II
were
associated
with
G
1
and
G
2
MCTs
.
Considering
the
2
-
tier
histological
grading
,
the
high
grade
was
mainly
associated
with
pattern
III
(
71
%
)
while
the
low
grade
was
associated
with
patterns
II
(
70
%
)
and
I
(
28
%
)
.
A
weak
association
between
the
KIT
staining
pattern
and
outcome
was
also
observed
.
The
results
obtained
suggest
that
c-
KIT
mRNA
is
overexpressed
in
canine
MCT
,
although
the
fold
variations
were
not
associated
with
the
protein
localization
or
complementary
DNA
mutations
.
These
observations
suggested
that
the
3
events
were
independent
.
The
histological
grading
and
the
KIT
staining
pattern
have
prognostic
value
as
previously
published
.
Staining
pattern
I
could
be
especially
helpful
in
predicting
a
good
prognosis
of
G
2
MCTs
.
Sequence
mutations
were
not
necessarily
suggestive
of
a
worse
prognosis
,
but
might
be
useful
in
choosing
a
chemotherapy
protocol
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"a weak association between the kit staining pattern and outcome"
symptom
cutaneous mastocytosis
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