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A random Abstract
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Weighing the stigma of weight: An fMRI study of neural reactivity to the pain of obese individuals.
[cushing syndrome]
Explicit
negative
attitudes
and
blameful
beliefs
(
e
.
g
.
poor
diet
,
laziness
)
towards
obese
individuals
are
well
documented
and
are
pervasive
even
among
health
professionals
.
Here
we
sought
to
determine
whether
obesity
stigma
is
reflected
in
a
fundamental
feature
of
intersubjectivity
namely
the
automatic
neural
resonance
with
others
'
affective
experiences
.
During
fMRI
,
normal-weight
female
participants
observed
short
clips
depicting
normal-weight
(
NW
)
and
obese
(
Ob
)
models
experiencing
pain
.
Importantly
,
participants
believed
that
half
of
the
Ob
were
overweight
due
to
a
hormonal
disorder
(
HormOb
)
and
ignored
the
cause
of
obesity
of
the
remaining
models
(
Unknown
obese
models
;
UnkOb
)
.
Analyses
of
hemodynamic
responses
showed
reduced
activity
to
the
pain
of
Ob
compared
to
that
of
NW
in
areas
associated
with
pain
processing
and
early
visual
processing
.
The
comparison
between
the
two
Ob
conditions
revealed
a
further
decrease
of
activity
to
HormOb
's
pain
compared
to
UnkOb
's
(
and
NW
)
pain
in
the
right
inferior
frontal
gyrus
,
an
area
associated
with
emotional
resonance
.
Our
study
demonstrates
that
stigma
for
obese
individuals
can
be
observed
at
implicit
levels
,
and
that
it
is
modulated
by
knowledge
concerning
the
etiology
of
obesity
,
with
the
seemingly
surprising
result
that
obesity
due
to
disease
may
result
in
greater
stigmatization
.
Moreover
,
the
perceived
similarity
with
the
models
and
the
ambivalent
emotion
of
pity
may
index
biased
brain
responses
to
obese
individuals
'
pain
.
The
study
highlights
a
possibly
important
neural
link
between
resonance
with
the
pain
of
others
and
obesity
stigma
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"obesity"
symptom
acute rheumatic fever
adrenal incidentaloma
aniridia
aromatase deficiency
carcinoma of the gallbladder
cohen syndrome
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
cushing syndrome
cystinuria
esophageal adenocarcinoma
esophageal carcinoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
familial mediterranean fever
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
kabuki syndrome
monosomy 21
phenylketonuria
primary hyperoxaluria type 1
sneddon syndrome
werner syndrome
wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
This symptom has already been validated