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Serologic prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Indian women of child bearing age and effects of social and environmental factors.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Seroprevalence
and
incidence
of
toxoplasmosis
in
women
of
child
bearing
age
has
remained
a
contentious
issue
in
the
Indian
subcontinent
.
Different
laboratories
have
used
different
patient
recruitment
criteria
,
methods
and
variable
results
,
making
these
data
difficult
to
compare
.
To
map
the
point-prevalence
and
incidence
of
toxoplasmosis
in
India
.
In
this
cross-sectional
study
,
a
total
of
1464
women
of
fertile
age
were
recruited
from
4
regions
using
similar
recruitment
plans
.
This
included
women
from
northern
(
203
)
,
southern
(
512
)
,
eastern
(
250
)
and
western
(
501
)
regions
of
India
.
All
samples
were
transported
to
a
central
laboratory
in
Delhi
and
tested
using
VIDAS
technology
.
Their
age
,
parity
,
eating
habits
and
other
demographic
and
clinical
details
were
noted
.
Most
women
were
in
the
18
-
25
years
age
group
(
48
.
3
%
)
,
followed
by
26
-
30
years
(
28
.
2
%
)
and
31
-
35
years
(
13
.
66
)
.
Few
(
45
)
women
older
than
35
yr
.
were
included
.
Overall
prevalence
of
anti-
Toxoplasma
IgG
antibodies
was
seen
in
22
.
40
%
,
with
significantly
more
in
married
women
(
25
.
8
%
)
as
compared
to
single
women
(
4
.
3
%
)
.
Prevalence
increased
steadily
with
age
:
18
.
1
%
in
the
18
-
25
yr
.
age
group
to
40
.
5
%
in
women
older
than
40
yr
.
The
prevalence
was
high
(
66
%
)
in
those
who
resided
in
mud
houses
.
Region-wise
,
the
highest
prevalence
was
observed
in
South
India
(
37
.
3
%
)
and
the
lowest
(
8
.
8
%
)
in
West
Indian
women
.
This
difference
was
highly
significant
(
P
<
0
.
001
)
.
Prevalence
was
21
.
2
%
in
East
India
and
19
.
7
%
in
North
India
.
The
IgM
positivity
rate
ranged
from
0
.
4
%
to
2
.
9
%
in
four
study
centers
.
This
pan-
India
study
shows
a
prevalence
rate
of
22
.
4
%
with
a
wide
variation
in
four
geographical
regions
ranging
from
as
low
as
8
.
8
%
to
as
high
as
37
.
3
%
.
The
overall
IgM
positivity
rate
was
1
.
43
%
,
indicating
that
an
estimated
56
,
737
-
176
,
882
children
per
year
are
born
in
India
with
a
possible
risk
of
congenital
toxoplasmosis
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"variable results"
symptom
congenital toxoplasmosis
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