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Congenital Toxoplasmosis.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Toxoplasmosis
is
caused
by
infection
with
the
parasite
Toxoplasma
gondii
.
It
is
one
of
the
most
common
parasitic
infections
in
humans
and
is
most
typically
asymptomatic
.
However
,
primary
infection
in
a
pregnant
woman
can
cause
severe
and
disabling
disease
in
the
developing
fetus
.
Recent
developments
have
included
increased
understanding
of
the
role
of
parasite
genotype
in
determining
infectivity
and
disease
severity
.
Risk
factors
for
acquisition
of
infection
have
been
better
defined
,
and
the
important
role
of
foodborne
transmission
has
been
further
delineated
.
In
addition
,
strategies
have
emerged
to
decrease
mother-
to
-child
transmission
through
prompt
identification
of
acutely
infected
pregnant
women
followed
by
appropriate
treatment
.
Refined
diagnostic
tools
,
particularly
the
addition
of
immunoglobulin
G
avidity
testing
,
allow
for
more
accurate
timing
of
maternal
infection
and
hence
better
decision
making
during
pregnancy
.
Congenitally
infected
children
can
be
treated
,
beginning
in
utero
and
continuing
through
the
first
year
of
life
,
to
ameliorate
the
severity
of
disease
.
However
,
despite
these
many
advances
in
our
understanding
of
congenital
toxoplasmosis
prevention
and
treatment
,
significant
areas
of
study
remain
:
we
need
better
drugs
,
well
defined
strategies
for
screening
of
pregnant
women
,
improved
food
safety
,
and
improved
diagnostic
tests
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"improved food safety"
symptom
congenital toxoplasmosis
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