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Biomarker analysis revealed distinct profiles of innate and adaptive immunity in infants with ocular lesions of congenital toxoplasmosis.
[congenital toxoplasmosis]
Toxoplasma
gondii
is
the
main
infectious
cause
of
human
posterior
retinochoroiditis
,
the
most
frequent
clinical
manifestation
of
congenital
toxoplasmosis
.
This
investigation
was
performed
after
neonatal
screening
to
identify
biomarkers
of
immunity
associated
with
immunopathological
features
of
the
disease
by
flow
cytometry
.
The
study
included
infected
infants
without
NRL
and
with
retinochoroidal
lesions
(
ARL
,
ACRL
,
and
CRL
)
as
well
as
noninfected
individuals
(
NI
)
.
Our
data
demonstrated
that
leukocytosis
,
with
increased
monocytes
and
lymphocytes
,
was
a
relevant
hematological
biomarker
of
ARL
.
Immunophenotypic
analysis
also
revealed
expansion
of
CD
14
(
+
)
CD
16
(
+
)
HLA-
DR
(
high
)
monocytes
and
CD
5
6
(
dim
)
cytotoxic
NK-cells
in
ARL
.
Moreover
,
augmented
TCR
γ
δ
(
+
)
and
CD
8
(
+
)
T
-
cell
counts
were
apparently
good
biomarkers
of
morbidity
.
Biomarker
network
analysis
revealed
that
complex
and
intricated
networks
underscored
the
negative
correlation
of
monocytes
with
NK-
and
B-
cells
in
NRL
.
The
remarkable
lack
of
connections
involving
B-
cells
and
a
relevant
shift
of
NK-cell
connections
from
B-
cells
toward
T
-
cells
observed
in
ARL
were
outstanding
.
A
tightly
connected
biomarker
network
was
observed
in
CRL
,
with
relevant
connections
of
NK-
and
CD
8
(
+
)
T
-
cells
with
a
broad
range
of
cell
subsets
.
Our
findings
add
novel
elements
to
the
current
knowledge
on
the
innate
and
adaptive
immune
responses
in
congenital
toxoplasmosis
.
