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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in High-risk Infants - an Update on Palivizumab Prophylaxis.
[congenital diaphragmatic hernia]
Morbidity
due
to
respiratory
syncytial
virus
(
RSV
)
disease
is
still
high
in
infants
and
children
worldwide
during
the
first
two
to
five
years
of
life
.
Certain
categories
of
high
-risk
infants
with
increased
morbidity
and
mortality
attributed
to
RSV
disease
have
been
identified
and
are
included
in
national
recommendations
for
prophylaxis
with
the
monoclonal
RSV
antibody
palivizumab
.
Most
guidelines
recommend
palivizumab
for
preterm
infants
born
less
than
or
equal
to
32
weeks
gestational
age
with
or
without
bronchopulmonary
dysplasia
,
those
born
between
33
and
35
weeks
gestational
age
with
additional
risk
factors
,
and
infants
and
children
with
hemodynamically
significant
congenital
heart
disease
.
Over
the
last
years
several
rare
diseases
have
been
identified
demonstrating
high
morbidity
associated
with
RSV
disease
,
thus
,
extension
of
guidelines
for
the
prophylaxis
with
palivizumab
for
these
patients
with
rare
diseases
including
children
with
malignancy
,
congenital
and
acquired
immune
deficiency
,
Down
syndrome
,
neuromuscular
impairment
,
cystic
fibrosis
,
congenital
diaphragmatic
hernia
and
other
severe
respiratory
disease
is
increasingly
discussed
.
Efficacy
of
palivizumab
prophylaxis
is
documented
by
meta
-analysis
,
and
different
economic
analyses
demonstrate
cost-effectiveness
of
palivizumab
for
the
most
common
indications
during
the
first
RSV
season
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"respiratory syncytial virus"
symptom
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
omenn syndrome
severe combined immunodeficiency
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