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Xanthine calculi in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
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Urinary
tract
calculi
composed
primarily
of
xanthine
are
rare
in
adults
and
children
.
However
,
there
is
risk
of
xanthine
calculi
formation
in
children
with
hereditary
xanthinuria
and
children
on
xanthine
oxidase
inhibitor
therapy
for
hyperuricemia
.
We
describe
the
clinical
presentation
and
management
of
2
children
with
the
Lesch-
Nyhan
syndrome
(
a
congenital
disorder
of
purine
metabolism
)
and
xanthine
calculi
.
Little
information
has
been
available
to
direct
the
urologic
management
of
such
patients
.
We
have
based
a
plan
for
management
upon
our
clinical
experience
with
these
children
,
as
well
as
upon
in
vitro
dissolution
studies
of
the
calculi
.
We
have
had
some
clinical
success
using
an
alternating
acid
/
base
dissolution
therapy
developed
in
the
laboratory
.
