[Xanthine oxidase deficiency (hereditary xanthinuria), molybdenum cofactor deficiency].

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Hereditary xanthinuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder , with xanthine oxidase deficiency . Patients often display renal symptoms because they excrete a large amounts of xanthine in urine . An high -fluid-intake , alow-purine-food , and alkalinization of urine are effective in the patients . Molybdenum cofactor is essential for xanthine oxidase , sulfite oxidase and aldehyde oxidase . Patients with molybdenum cofactor deficiency display severe neurological symptoms , such as severe convulsions . The patients increase urinary excretions of xanthine and sulfite . Treatments are ineffective for neurological symptoms .