Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction

Ocular manifestations in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.

[wolf-hirschhorn syndrome]

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation is caused by partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 and can be considered a contiguous gene syndrome, characterized by typical facial appearance, mental retardation, growth delay, and seizures.We investigated the ocular defects in a population of 10 patients with WHS and analyzed the relationship between ocular findings and the extent of deletion on chromosome 4.The ocular abnormalities found included hypertelorism, strabismus, refractive errors, epicanthal folds, proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, microphthalmos, microcornea, iris coloboma, optic nerve coloboma, ocular cyst, ptosis, glaucoma, and nystagmus. Different breakpoints of the chromosomal rearrangement were observed in individual patients, ranging from 4p15.1 to 4p16.3, and the size of chromosomal deletion ranged from 2.6 to 26 million base pairs.Congenital glaucoma and colobomatous ocular cysts have rarely been described in WHS patients that were previously reported. In all cases exhibiting strabismus, an exodeviation was present. Comparing genotype with ocular phenotype, a relationship between the size of deletion and the severity of the ocular involvement was observed in all cases but one.

Diseases presenting "mental retardation" symptom

  • achondroplasia
  • alexander disease
  • alpha-thalassemia
  • aniridia
  • aromatase deficiency
  • canavan disease
  • classical phenylketonuria
  • coats disease
  • cohen syndrome
  • cowden syndrome
  • cystinuria
  • dentin dysplasia
  • familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
  • homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria
  • hydrocephalus with stenosis of the aqueduct of sylvius
  • kabuki syndrome
  • kallmann syndrome
  • lamellar ichthyosis
  • lymphangioleiomyomatosis
  • monosomy 21
  • phenylketonuria
  • primary hyperoxaluria type 1
  • proteus syndrome
  • pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
  • sneddon syndrome
  • triple a syndrome
  • wolf-hirschhorn syndrome
  • zellweger syndrome

This symptom has already been validated