A cascade leading to premature aging phenotypes including abnormal tumor profiles in Werner syndrome (review).

[werner syndrome]

This perspective review focused on the Werner syndrome (WS ) by addressing the issue of how a single mutation in a WRN gene encoding WRN DNA helicase induces a wide range of premature aging phenotypes accompanied by an abnormal pattern of tumors . The key event caused by WRN gene mutation is the dysfunction of telomeres . Studies on normal aging have identified a molecular circuit in which the dysfunction of telomeres caused by cellular aging activates the TP 53 gene . The resultant p 53 suppresses cell growth and induces a shorter cellular lifespan , and also compromises mitochondrial biogenesis leading to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS ) causing multiple aging phenotypes . As an analogy of the mechanism in natural aging , we described a hypothetical mechanism of premature aging in WS : telomere dysfunction induced by WRN mutation causes multiple premature aging phenotypes of WS , including shortened cellular lifespan and inflammation induced by ROS , such as diabetes mellitus . This model also explains the relatively late onset of the disorder , at approximately age 20 . Telomere dysfunction in WS is closely correlated with abnormality in tumorigenesis . Thus , the majority of wide and complex pathological phenotypes of WS may be explained in a unified manner by the cascade beginning with telomere dysfunction initiated by WRN gene mutation .

Diseases
Validation

Diseases presenting "diabetes mellitus" symptom

acute rheumatic fever

adrenal incidentaloma

adrenomyeloneuropathy

allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

alpha-thalassemia

child syndrome

cholangiocarcinoma

cohen syndrome

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

congenital toxoplasmosis

cowden syndrome

cushing syndrome

cystinuria

esophageal adenocarcinoma

esophageal carcinoma

esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

fabry disease

familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

malignant atrophic papulosis

neuralgic amyotrophy

pyomyositis

sneddon syndrome

typhoid

werner syndrome

wolf-hirschhorn syndrome

This symptom has already been validated