Rare Diseases Symptoms Automatic Extraction
Home
A random Abstract
Our Project
Our Team
Determination of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella spp.
[typhoid]
Infections
with
Salmonella
are
an
important
public
health
problem
worldwide
.
Salmonella
are
one
of
the
most
common
causes
of
food-borne
illness
in
humans
.
There
are
many
types
of
Salmonella
but
they
can
be
divided
into
two
broad
categories
:
those
that
cause
typhoid
and
those
that
do
not
.
The
typhoidal
Salmonella
(
TS
)
,
such
as
S
.
enterica
subsp
.
enterica
serovars
Typhi
and
S
.
Paratyphi
only
colonize
humans
and
are
usually
acquired
by
the
consumption
of
food
or
water
contaminated
with
human
fecal
material
.
The
much
broader
group
of
non-typhoidal
Salmonella
(
NTS
)
usually
results
from
improperly
handled
food
that
has
been
contaminated
by
animal
or
human
fecal
material
.
Antimicrobials
are
critical
to
the
successful
outcome
of
invasive
Salmonella
infections
and
enteric
fever
.
Due
to
resistance
to
the
older
antimicrobials
,
ciprofloxacin
[
fluoroquinolone
(
FQ
)
]
has
become
the
first
-line
drug
for
treatment
.
Nevertheless
,
switch
to
FQ
has
led
to
a
subsequent
increase
in
the
occurrence
of
salmonellae
resistant
to
this
antimicrobial
agent
.
The
exact
mechanism
of
this
FQ
resistance
is
not
fully
understood
.
FQ
resistance
has
driven
the
use
of
third
-generation
cephalosporins
and
azithromycin
.
However
,
there
are
sporadic
worldwide
reports
of
high
level
resistance
to
expanded-spectrum
cephalosporins
(
such
as
ceftriaxone
)
in
TS
and
in
NTS
it
has
been
recognized
since
1988
and
are
increasing
in
prevalence
worldwide
.
Already
there
are
rare
reports
of
azithromycin
resistance
leading
to
treatment
failure
.
Spread
of
such
resistance
would
further
greatly
limit
the
available
therapeutic
options
,
and
leave
us
with
only
the
reserve
antimicrobials
such
as
carbapenem
and
tigecycline
as
possible
treatment
options
.
Here
,
we
describe
the
methods
involved
in
the
genotypic
characterization
of
antimicrobial
resistance
in
clinical
isolates
of
salmonellae
.
Diseases
Validation
Diseases presenting
"broad categories"
symptom
adrenomyeloneuropathy
dracunculiasis
dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
typhoid
x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
You can validate or delete this automatically detected symptom
Validate the Symptom
Delete the Symptom
